On June 4, 1922, 102 years ago, the first issue of the illustrated weekly supplement to the "Worker" newspaper was published by the Soviet publishing house "Worker's Newspaper". From the thirteenth issue, the supplement became a magazine called "Krokodil". The initiator of the magazine's creation and its first editor was the old Bolshevik Konstantin Stepanovich Yeremeyev (1874–1931), who in 1918–1919 was the head of the Kremlin guard in Moscow.
Initially, it was a weekly, and from 1932, "Krokodil" began to be published 3 times a month by the "Pravda" publishing house. "Krokodil" published works by the poet Vladimir Mayakovsky, journalist Mikhail Koltsov, writers Valentin Kataev, Ilya Ilf, and Evgeny Petrov, and many other satirists. For many years, the magazine remained the country's main literary and artistic satirical magazine.
It castigated imperialists, foreign spies, saboteurs, shoddy producers, idlers, and dishonest service workers, in general, all those who hindered the construction of socialism. By the mid-1980s, the circulation of "Krokodil" reached 5 million copies.
However, ten years later, it dropped to 50 thousand, and over time, the magazine ceased to exist. In 2001, the "New Krokodil" was released, but the publication lasted only until the summer of 2004. In September 2005, it was decided to revive "Krokodil". However, aimed at a narrow circle of readers, it could not regain its former fame and finally closed in 2008.
On the same day, many years later, the first issue of the satirical newsreel "Fitil" was released on Soviet screens.
Its first issue was released on Soviet movie screens on June 4, 1962. The chief editor of "Fitil" was the famous children's poet and satirical writer Sergey Mikhalkov.
The "Fitil" newsreel was usually shown in cinemas before the start of the main film. The sketches that made up the newsreel castigated various shortcomings of Soviet public and private life: exposing careerists, bureaucrats, bribe-takers, and shoddy producers, mocking philistinism.
It managed to turn serious problems into funny and amusing ones. As a result, Soviet moviegoers quickly loved "Fitil", which became an exceptionally popular newsreel. Each issue consisted of several independent sketches: documentary, feature, and animated. In 1993, the publication of the newsreel was discontinued "due to lack of funds". In 2004, it was decided to revive the popular satirical newsreel on the "Russia" TV channel. The revived "Fitil" was almost half made up of plots from past years and old animation.
It was only supplemented with new animation inserts and plots on current topics. The first episode was shown on March 14, 2004. The last time "Fitil" aired was in August 2008.