On July 5, 1829, the first diamond in Russia was found. The first diamond in Russia was discovered on the Ural, in Adolfovka Log of the Krestovozdvizhenskie gold fields, located near the Bisert plant in Perm Province. The stone was found by Pavel Popov, a fourteen-year-old serf, while panning for gold. For the half-carat crystal, Pavel was granted his freedom. Diamond searches in Russia went on for almost a century and a half, and only in the mid-1950s were the richest primary diamond deposits discovered in Yakutia. In September 2012, the media reported that scientists had declassified information about the world’s largest impact diamond deposit, located on the border of the Krasnoyarsk Territory and Yakutia. This deposit contains trillions of carats. Today, gold reserves in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) are represented by 794 deposits. Of these, over 67% are concentrated in primary deposits, and 15% of the primary gold is suitable for open-pit mining. According to experts’ calculations, these reserves will last for 200 years. In terms of diamond reserves, Russia ranks first in the world, accounting for almost 60% of deposits. Most of Russia’s reserves – about 80% – are concentrated in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Exploring and exploiting such impressive natural resources in our harsh climate required enormous investments and personal courage from the people who dedicated their entire lives to this endeavor. As early as the 1840s, geologist Richard Maack suggested that the Vilyuisky district was rich in iron ore, salt deposits, and gemstones, but at that time, no one paid much attention to this. At the beginning of the 20th century, a number of scientists and geologists, such as V.I. Vernadsky, V.S. Sobolev, and others, began to study the issue. They pointed out similarities between the geological structure of the South African and Siberian platforms, suggesting a high likelihood of primary diamond deposits in Siberia. During the October Revolution, geological expeditions were suspended for obvious reasons, and only in 1946 did Stalin order the accelerated search for diamonds in the USSR, particularly in Yakutia. In 1947, the first expeditions were sent to this harsh permafrost region. And already in 1949, the first officially registered Yakut diamond was found in the Vilyuy River basin. Until 1953, diamond placer deposits found in the sediments of the Vilyuy and Olenek rivers were being developed. In those years, diamond mining technology was poorly developed, but in August 1954, using the latest method of “pyrope survey” at that time, the first kimberlite pipe in Yakutia was discovered, named “Zarnitsa”. This was a remarkable event for our country, one of those called “discoveries of the century”. By the end of 1955, 15 primary diamond deposits had been discovered. A year later, in 1956, the industrial development of the “Mir” pipe began. Around it, the settlement “Mirny”