The term “Russian North” first appeared in the late 19th century in the records of the governor of Arkhangelsk to describe the shared culture of people living in northwestern Russia. Later, it was also used in literature and scientific research. This civilization arose centuries ago along the shores of the White and Barents Seas, as well as the Northern Dvina River. The main cities of the Russian North include Vologda, Veliky Ustyug, Arkhangelsk, Kargopol, Totma, and Kem. Residents of the Russian North are indeed united by a common culture and way of life; they carefully preserve old traditions and share a similar dialect. Additionally, they have similar cuisine (mainly simple and nutritious fish dishes) and crafts. Many of the Russian Northerners are descendants of the Pomors (or modern-day Pomors). The term “Far North” appeared in the USSR in the 1930s to designate regions with harsh living conditions. The main criteria were inaccessibility and the lack of year-round connections with other regions. This area is characterized by permafrost, infertile soils, and long winters. The Far North includes hard-to-reach areas with difficult living conditions, such as territories beyond the Arctic Circle, the Far East, part of the Urals, and some regions of southern Siberia (remote settlements in Tuva and Altai). Even though they are not geographically in the north, these territories are legally equated with the Far North, making up about 70% of the entire country! The Arctic refers specifically to those regions located north of the Arctic Circle. These include territories in the Murmansk region, the Nenets Autonomous District, the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District, the northern Krasnoyarsk region (the city of Norilsk), the city of Vorkuta in the Komi Republic, and others. There are both land territories and numerous islands in the Arctic Ocean, including uninhabited ones. The Northern Sea Route, the shortest path between Europe and Asia through the Arctic Ocean, runs through the Arctic. There are also rich reserves of freshwater and mineral resources here. Besides Russia, the USA, Norway, Canada, and Denmark also have polar territories. The northern boundary passes through the North Pole, and the size of sectors and rights to water areas are regulated by international conventions. Additionally, in the early 2000s, Russia introduced the term “Arctic Zone”—a special economic zone where investors receive certain benefits. This zone includes not only the Arctic proper but also territories south of the Arctic Circle, such as the city of Arkhangelsk.