Date according to the old style: August 16. In the folk calendar, this day marks the Third Savior Feast—The Image of Christ Not Made by Hands. The full name of the holiday is the Transfer of the Image Not Made by Hands of Our Lord Jesus Christ from Edessa to Constantinople.
The Image Not Made by Hands refers to a special type of depiction of Christ, representing His face on a cloth (ubrus) or a clay board. This tradition originates from the legend of the Image Not Made by Hands, which appeared on a towel after Jesus, having washed, wiped His face with it.
The linen cloth with the imprint of Christ's face was kept in Edessa for a long time as the city's main treasure. In 944, Emperor Constantine VII redeemed the image from Edessa and solemnly transferred it to Constantinople. Since then, this day has been celebrated as a holiday. The relic itself was later lost during the city's sacking by participants in one of the Crusades.
In Orthodoxy, the Image Not Made by Hands is considered one of the proofs of the true incarnation of the Second Person of the Trinity in human form and, more narrowly, as an argument in favor of icon veneration.
In Russia, on this day, peasants prayed fervently to God, and then women sent their husbands to the fields with bread and salt. Three sheaves were placed on the cart, and bags of seeds intended for sowing were laid on top. The sower was met in the field by children with pie and buckwheat porridge.
Regarding the three different Savior Feasts, people used to say: "The First Savior stands in water, the Second Savior—apples are eaten, the Third Savior—cloths are sold, and bread is stocked up." From this day on, the sale of linen and cloths typically began.
The Third Savior was also called Nut Savior. By this time, nuts had ripened in the forests, and their gathering began. The elders would give the children riddles about nuts: "Bend me, break me. Break me—it's smooth, crack me—it's sweet"; "No windows, no doors, in the middle—a bishop"; "A little man in a bone coat."
It was also said about this day: "The Third Savior stocks up on bread," and loaves were baked from the new grain harvest. In addition, it was customary to clean springs and wells and drink underground water.
At this time, people observed the departure of birds, especially swallows and cranes. It was believed that swallows leave for the south in three stages—on the three Savior Feasts. If cranes fly away on the Savior's Day, there would already be frost on the Feast of the Protection of the Mother of God.
Name days on this day:
Alexander, Anna, Gerasim, Stepan, Yakov